Markets Down Hard, Debt, and Obamanomics

I haven't written here in my blog in a long time. But I've been watching the economic scene. And as you might imagine I've been quite unhappy with our President, his administration, and the results of their economic policies. Here in California the effect is magnified and made even worse.

I see these factors holding back the U.S. economy:

• Debt
• The effects of some misguided corporate rescues
• Market and corporate uncertainty caused by government actions, discussions and personnel appointments
• Present and expected future avalanches of regulations
  

After U.S. markets closed today, after the 512-point Dow drop and 60-point S&P drop, I watched a clip of Obama in 2008 or 2009, in which he said the economy should be much better 3 years out, or his presidency will be a single term. Well, here we are, it seems. I'll soon hoist a martini to his single term.

The pundits' observations I thought most valuable were that the market's fall is not about the U.S. debt deal, but about Euro-zone debt worries, and the growing perception that the U.S. economy is not growing fast and may actually fall into a "double-dip" recession. We'll see what actually happens, but though I've searched and listened to truckloads of commentary, I don't see a catalyst for U.S. growth. Yes, there are some sectors that should grow, and yes, the middle classes may be growing in China and India. But in our present trade environment we can't take proper advantage of it.

Obama said one correct thing, as far as the basic concept. He said Congress should approve the 3 or 4 international trade agreements in its queue. Now the agreements are forgotten and Congress has flown out of town for a month. The trade agreements would be one small catalyst for growth.

Hedge fund manager Phil Falcone was interviewed today on CNBC, mostly about his LightSquared network. In it he said that innovation was the only way for the U.S. economy to get going and grow again. I agree with him.

And what stands in the way of that innovation, or would foster the economic growth we all want (well, everyone except a few Luddites of various stripes)? In short, Obamanomics stands in the way of the innovation Falcone mentioned. Instead, for growth we should be repealing the laws, throwing out, simplifying, and rationalizing the regulations, and basically undoing all we can of the four factors listed above.

As an aside, during the Reagan administration, he said that he would reduce government employees by a significant amount. One evening I was looking up at the federal office building in West Los Angeles and doubted anything would happen. A very few years later the building was 40 or 50% vacant, if I recall correctly. I was very happy to see that Reagan did what he said he would do. Today the size of government employment has grown past any nightmare Reagan ever had. It's time to slim down again. The regulations and other scribblings of the bureaucrats are not needed. In fact, they're harmful.

Again, the bottom line is "back to free markets" to create the growth and jobs we need.

Calornia Propositions A-F election today

Well, today is our election in California. The date got here fast and I haven't done my research into these propositions. The usual newsprint pamphlet containing the legislative analyses is missing from our house. Either we've misplaced it or we never got it.

I noticed a huge lack of URLs for information about the propositions. The single paragraph blurbs on the ballot don't mean anything. The basically explain nothing about the proposition, except the subject from the 60,000-foot level. And especially in this election, I don't believe what I've heard and seen in the political print ads and on TV. The ads are so slanted that they don't really make sense to me. The marketing program for these propositions basically "stink to high heaven"!

If you want to research these, here are some links.
http://www.voterguide.sos.ca.gov/pdf-guide/props/prop1a-analysis.pdf
http://www.voterguide.sos.ca.gov/pdf-guide/props/prop1b-analysis.pdf
http://www.voterguide.sos.ca.gov/pdf-guide/props/prop1c-analysis.pdf
http://www.voterguide.sos.ca.gov/pdf-guide/props/prop1d-anaysis.pdf
http://www.voterguide.sos.ca.gov/pdf-guide/props/prop1e-analysis.pdf
http://www.voterguide.sos.ca.gov/pdf-guide/props/prop1f-analysis.pdf
Gotta love the one for 1D. I don't know how much stock I should put in an analysis when they can't spell the word.
For other info and .htm presentations of the information, go to http://california.gov/ and search with "proposition 1x legislative analysis", where x is the prop of your choice.

Over the course of the last month, I've noticed that any economic analyst I've considered intelligent has recommended "no" votes on all of these propositions. I'll probably vote "no" myself.

Having said that, are California's political process and budget processes broken? Certainly. They are also wildly pro-cyclical, where spending goes up during good economic times, followed by budget crunches during bad times. This was true since before the defense-related recession in California in the late 80's, the Silicon Valley / dot-com boom-and-bust of the 90's and early 2000's, and so on. So the processes certainly need to be changed. As an aside, the "rainy-day fund", known in the analyses as the "BSF" seems designed to smooth the cyclicality to the upside, with more taxes, instead of forbearance of possible spending during good times!

One glaring, flashing omission from these proposals is discussion spending cuts. There's a lot of rearranging of deck chairs and debt, shall we say, and some sizable tax increases. There is discussion around protecting certain "sacred cow" spending areas. But the whole thing seems built around the idea of "Don't look at the spending behind the curtain!"

Talk with you soon. I'm off to study and Vote!

T.E.A. Party Day

Hooray for the Tea party organizers. I'm going to my local Tea party today to see what happens.

The stimulus bills and associated pork may have been the catalysts for the Tea party movement. However the larger and longer term issue is the growth of government spending as a percentage of GDP. That is bad, on top of all the other reasons, because a dollar cycled through the government has a lower multiplier than a dollar kept circulating in the private sector. That subject is explored in detail in any good first- or second-year economics course.

For those that don't care about wealth, or want to lower it, the lower multiplier is not a problem. For the rest of us it's a key issue, even if it's not usually argued in those terms.

So I'm off to my local Tea party. Here's an article that surveys the Tea party phenomenon.
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123975867505519363.html

What Should be Done About AIG Bonuses?

Absolutely nothing should be done about the bonuses paid to AIG employees, at least not legislatively. To understand why, please take out a calculator now and do this simple division. Enter 165, to represent the $165 million in bonus compensation. Divide that by 170,000 to represent the $170 billion in bailout money that AIG has received. Look at the result. Adjust your calculator's display to show 5 digits to the right of the decimal point if your calculator doesn't already show them. The number you'll see is 0.00097. What does this mean? It means that the bonus money is less than one one-thousandth of the bailout money going to AIG.

This money, on a percentage basis, is less then the rounding error in many calculations. While $165 million is a huge amount of money to most of us, it's just not meaningful in the scope of AIG's problems or it's bailout, or the problems in the banking system, the government or the economy.

So I watch with sadness and amuzement while the House rants and then passes a bill that is reckless on several levels. It's reckless on constitutional grounds. If the Senate and President pass and sign anything like it, it may get struck down on those grounds in the courts. It's reckless on business grounds because of the perceptions of recklessness, fickleness and inconsistancy it will create for businesspeople. Who'd want Congress as a business partner? And it's reckless on political grounds, if there is a backlash against things going further wrong due to this bill.

This week we seem to be moving past the AIG furor, and focusing on the Geithner plan. That's great. We should forget about the AIG bonus issue and hope the legislation lapses into irrelevancy.

Is getting the bad assets out of the banks the way to go?

Today Federal Reserve Bank of Boston President Eric Rosengren said about getting the bad assets off the banks' books that it is "desirable to move quickly". I believe even more strongly than that, that it is essential. And that the people and institutions responsible for helping the economy recover are making a strategic mistake if they don't move quickly on it. They may be working on this in the background, and may even be finding problems and making progress. If so, the mistake is then one of communication.

Rosengren's study of the Japanese banks experience points to getting the bad assets out as cucial.

Rosengren points out from almost an organizational studies point of view that while the bad assets are on a bank's books, management stays fixated on the losses and mistakes at the cost of not moving forward into new, good loans. And as a trader, I know that sitting around looking at losses is not helpful in finding and making the next profitable trade. Instead, one should analyze the bad trade, learn what can be learned, and forget about the pain of the loss and move forward.

Getting the bad assets out of the institutions is of course easier said than done. That doesn't affect at all whether doing so is crucial to recovery. As we see with the Citibank bailout effors to date, the sick assets essentially sicken the whole institution. I've listened to many commentators about this, especially over the last three months. And it seems to me that the smart ones are essentially in agreement that paths always lead back to the bad assets in the institutions and their value. Washington and others may want that fact to go away, but it won't.

Neither is the fact that the root cause of the creation of those bad assets was the government's driving the banks to make lousy loans they would not otherwise have made. But I've covered that particular point already in this blog.

Here's a list of issues I've seen regarding the bad assets. Specifically these assets are the CDO's containing subprime loans, and derivatives based on these and other troubled assets, including CDS's.

1) There are losses on derivatives created out of thin air. That is, not just derivatives based on CDO's that actually exist. For the best explanation I've seen of this, see the article "The End" in Portfolio magazine, Dec08/Jan09.

2) The question is how to value assets, and after determining what are they worth. Of course the simple answer is that they *should* be valued by price discovery in an open, regulated, undistorted market. Since that option is not available, some form of modeling must be used.

3) The "taxpayer" has an interest in this. Politicians of any skill at all learned quickly months ago to recite phrases like "protect the taxpayer", "make the investment back" for them, "protect their interest" and the like. Nice to consider, but our situation is so bad that there will just be costs. This situation seems to be worse than the savings and loan debacle, and its relatively successful bailouts. The models for valuing the assets become mechanisms for allocating the losses. Not pretty.

4) The FASB changed an accounting rule earlier in the crisis, known as "mark-to-market" and also "Fair Value Accounting". I feel I understand FASB's basic motivation to make the rule change. A huge theme in accounting is knowing the present value of everything, even things that won't be realized as a financial entry until the distant future. However, this rule change, accompanied by a lack of guidance at the time, did serious but quiet harm to banks and other institutions. This harm is not yet fully discovered. Over-the-counter, unregulated markets and the end of markets and price discovery at all combined with the rule to force banks losses. The get close to declaring the losses; they need the bailouts.

5) The "bad-bank" discussions are about creating containers for the toxic assets outside the instituions. If we had liquid markets for the assets, we wouldn't need the containers. Every few days there's a story about a firm that wants to buy some toxic assets, but learn that they can't. In a sense it's too dangerous to establish a price by selling assets to them. Go figure.

6) In the end, leaving the toxic assets in a fully public "bad bank" wouldn't be as bad as the government nationalizing banks, or almost so. Why? The government can boss the assets around all it wants to, and then sell them later. This will cause less long-term damage to markets and American free enterprise then the government bossing around banks, and creating long-term, heinous market distortions.

Obama Starts Down the Dreaded Path

Here a some beefs I have with President Obama's and the Democratic majority's recent actions and positions.

1) The so-called stimulus bill is full of pork. I'm hearing about more items all the time that sound more like ornaments on a Christmas tree of pork than elements of a well-thought-out and effective stimulus bill.

2) The stimulus bill is too light on tax cuts and too heavy on spending. I'll detail why tax cuts are more effective in a later post.

3) The Columbian Free Trade Agreement isn't passed yet. Remember this? It still matters. The U.S. so far has failed to lock in free trade and economic recovery advantages and the drug war advantages of passing the FTA. Stratfor and other sources have warned about Mexico's dire straits. We need to watch our southern border closely.

4) There's a "buy American" clause in the stimulus bill. It's nonsense to codify that in a bill. If a private party wants to pursue a buy America ad campaign that's fine. But massive sellers of treasury notes and the beacon of democracy and free markets, not to mention chief advocate of free trade, can ill afford to do this. It's stupid and economically wrong.

5) The Obama administration naively stated the obvious about China's handling of its currency relative to the dollar. Of course they manipulate it. It's officially pegged, after all. It doesn't even pretend to float in a free market relative to the dollar. But it was a stupid thing to say so. To do so within a week of the passage of a giant spending bill to be financed by government borrowing was a whopper. The Chinese have good reason to fear sanctions and legal consequences if what they are doing is called what it is. And of course a backlash to those actions would hit us. Hard. Please guys, try to act sophisticated even if you aren't. The U.S. and China are in a dance together and it will take at least another generation to unwind things enough to be free-market rational.

6) The "Card Check" pro-union bill lurks in the halls of congress. The election mechanism is un-American and I would think it would be unconstitutional. I'd have to look. The bill will also advance the government's role from referree to dictator of terms after a set time period of negotiations between a company and a union. That's bad on several levels. More on this later. For some detail see today's editorial page in Investor's Business Daily.

7) Obama signed the "Lilly Ledbetter" bill. That's a bill that sounds appealing to people who think with their hearts instead of their brains. But it sets up some incentives and legal mechanisms which will be abused, to the short-term detriment of businesses and the long term detriment of employees.

8) Closing Gitmo? Dumb. Castro's already making hay, and that's before we've let anybody out! We close Gitmo and celebrate only after we're out of Iraq and Afghanistan, UBL is proven dead, al Queada is discredited and dismantled, Iran has been shorn of nukes, the Isreal-Palestinian question has been resolved to the degree that Palestinians move forward economically instead of work to dismantle the present situation, and Hamas and Hesbollah in their present forms are nothing but bitter memories.

My relief at the perceived quality of Obama's cabinet picks is giving way to the forlorn environment I feared before Obama was elected.

We Shouldn't Bail Out the Big 3 Automakers

The government should not bail out the car companies. Their business model and their agreements with their workers unions have become non-competitive. A bailout will simply push bankruptcies into the future. And at that time the unfunded obligations will be bigger than today.

I have a deep affection for cars, and high on my list are American muscle cars. I also like vintage American cars, lowriders, and racing cars. I don't own any of these, but I love 'em. I love the sound and power of an American V8. I saw CanAm races at Riverside, and there I heard how engines really sound.

But none of the glorious past changes the sorry state of the industry today. The union agreements and the silly CAFE rules act as a scissors to cut profit out of the industry. The union agreements boost costs, so the big three built trucks and SUVs, which were most profitable. The CAFE rules forced unprofitable fleet allocations. The spike in gasoline prices revealed that the whole arrangement was untenable.

Studying economics in college, I asked whether an antitrust case could be brought against a union that represents workers for an entire industry, encompassing several companies. The answer is no, unions are exempt from antitrust cases, not matter what. I never bought that concept. It always seemed logical to me that a union might represent one of the big 3 automakers, for example, but different unions would have to represent workers in the others. That way, essentially the unions have to compete to make reasonable deals. A company could be taken down, but an industry would be less likely. I've read articles over the years after a new UAW contract is cut with one automaker, in which the dire warning is sounded for the prospects of the other two.

Naturally enough, the Democrats, with their union support, are for the bailout. If anything, their restraint and reasonableness is surprising. But bankruptcy is the best option if cash runs out. Contrary to fearful reports, a bankrupt automaker will not cease to exist. It will reorganize its obligations and carry on. And that is exactly what is needed.

A friend asked me about all the past workers' pensions and health coverage if one goes bankrupt. I said "Exactly." Instead of a person retiring at age 65 and and dying at 72 as in past years, a person may now retire at 55 and live until 82. How can a company be expected to carry that? If the real issue is people who no longer actually work at the Big 3, let's address that directly.

The UAW is now, suddenly, talking about renegotiating some parts of their agreements. It's too late. I say "No Deal." By the way, CAFE requirements should not exist. The fuel efficiency of cars and trucks is something the market should decide.

Please read my first post below. That's where I lay out the basic free-market vs. Socialism logic.